Activation and Training
The 77th Infantry Division, also known as the “Statue of Liberty Division,” was activated on March 25, 1942, at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. The division was composed of men from all over the United States, with the majority coming from the northeastern states. The division’s nickname was derived from the Statue of Liberty, which is located in New York Harbor, symbolizing freedom and democracy.
Initially, the division underwent extensive training at Fort Jackson, focusing on basic military skills, unit tactics, and combat readiness. In June 1942, the division moved to Camp Pickett, Virginia, for advanced training, where they practiced amphibious landings, artillery support, and infantry tactics.
🏛️ Note: The 77th Infantry Division was one of the first divisions to receive training in amphibious warfare, which would later prove crucial in their combat operations.
Combat Operations
In August 1943, the 77th Infantry Division arrived in Hawaii, where they continued to train and prepare for combat. On November 23, 1943, the division landed on the island of Makin, in the Gilbert Islands, as part of Operation Galvanic. The division’s mission was to secure the island and capture the Japanese airfield.
The 77th Infantry Division faced fierce resistance from the Japanese garrison, but after several days of intense fighting, they secured the island on December 23, 1943. The division suffered over 700 casualties, including 104 killed in action.
In April 1944, the division landed on the island of Guam, where they participated in the liberation of the island from Japanese occupation. The division fought bravely, overcoming fierce resistance, and secured the island on August 12, 1944.
The 77th Infantry Division’s final combat operation was on the island of Leyte, in the Philippines, where they landed on November 23, 1944. The division fought against the Japanese 16th Division, securing key terrain features and ultimately contributing to the Allied victory in the Philippines.
Heroism and Awards
During World War II, the 77th Infantry Division distinguished themselves through numerous acts of heroism and bravery. The division earned two Presidential Unit Citations, one for their actions on Guam and the other for their actions on Leyte.
Several soldiers from the 77th Infantry Division received individual awards for their bravery, including the Medal of Honor, the Distinguished Service Cross, and the Silver Star.
| Award | Recipient | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Medal of Honor | Private First Class Harold H. Moon Jr. | April 24, 1945 |
| Distinguished Service Cross | Lieutenant Colonel Kenneth A. Swift | December 22, 1943 |
| Silver Star | Captain James J. Shea | November 25, 1944 |
Legacy
The 77th Infantry Division’s heroism and bravery during World War II left a lasting legacy. The division’s actions in the Pacific Theater helped to secure key islands and ultimately contributed to the Allied victory.
Today, the 77th Infantry Division is remembered as one of the most decorated divisions of World War II. Their bravery and sacrifice serve as an inspiration to future generations of soldiers and civilians alike.
The division’s legacy is also honored through various monuments and memorials, including the Statue of Liberty Division Memorial in New York City.
The 77th Infantry Division’s story is a testament to the courage and sacrifice of the men who served during World War II. Their heroism and bravery will never be forgotten.
In summary, the 77th Infantry Division played a significant role in the Allied victory in World War II, earning numerous awards and decorations for their bravery and heroism. Their legacy continues to inspire and serve as a reminder of the sacrifices made by those who served during one of the most pivotal moments in history.
What was the 77th Infantry Division’s nickname?
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The 77th Infantry Division’s nickname was the “Statue of Liberty Division.”
Where did the 77th Infantry Division land on their first combat operation?
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The 77th Infantry Division landed on the island of Makin, in the Gilbert Islands, on November 23, 1943.
How many Presidential Unit Citations did the 77th Infantry Division earn?
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The 77th Infantry Division earned two Presidential Unit Citations.
